Most components are available on Telegram, however Carousel components are currently not supported. Typing components are also displayed as simple Wait components.
You can send a broadcast to a given user by using _metadata.id as their user_id with the broadcast API or the broadcast interface in the corresponding tab in the channel's settings. It requires that the user has already interacted with the chatbot before (you can not simply send a message to a user's @username).
You can add custom metadata as well!